Cardiovascular disorder or hypertension is a chronic disease that is caused by increased blood pressure in the arteries, forcing the heart to strive to pump blood in the blood vessels. The disease does not have any apparent symptoms making it a silent killer. This disease is caused by modifiable conditions that are changeable and non-modifiable conditions that cannot be changed (Arsyad et al., 2022). This study will evaluate the modifiable and non-modifiable conditions that cause cardiovascular disorder or hypertension.
Most of the modifiable factors relate to lifestyle activities. For instance, Physical inactivity leads to weight gain and may cause hypertension (Arsyad et al., 2022). Obesity causes hypertension by increasing insulin and leptin resistance, leading to narrower arteries. In smoking, tobacco contains nicotine that sticks to the blood vessels, reducing their path (Fuchs & Whelton, 2020). Alcohol, on the other hand, activates the hormone renin in the blood, leading to the constriction of the blood vessels. Excessive salt consumption pulls water from the body to blood vessels in a process referred to as hydration, stressing the heart pumping blood (Fuchs & Whelton, 2020). Salt includes salt, which removes excess water from the body when it is washed.
Age, race, genetics, and sex are all non-modifiable hazards of cardiovascular disease. As people get old, their body tissues lose elasticity, which leads to the stiffening of blood vessels (Tran et al., 2021). Loose body tissues reduce the blood vessel’s ability to stretch hence constricted vessels. In other cases, a person’s genetics can influence hypertension, whereby some families have a history of blood pressure. African Americans are at a high risk of hypertension due to genetic weakness, which is more delicate to salt than other races (Tran et al., 2021). Finally, the hormonal profiles of menopause make men have high blood pressure in their young life and women in their older age.
References
Arsyad, D. S., Westerink, J., Cramer, M. J., Ansar, J., Wahiduddin, Visseren, F. L. J., Doevendans, P. A., & Ansariadi. (2022). Modifiable risk factors in adults with and without prior cardiovascular disease: findings from the Indonesian National Basic Health Research. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 660.
Fuchs, F. D., & Whelton, P. K. (2020). High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension, 75(2), 285–292.
Tran, D.-M. T., Lekhak, N., Gutierrez, K., & Moonie, S. (2021). Risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease among adult Nevadans. PLOS ONE, 16(2), e0247105.